Mixing device for fuel oil burners



Jufiy 3, 1934. w. A. HALLGARTH MIXING DEVICE FOR FUEL OIL BURNERS Filed July 17, 1953 I fiflw lnventor,

By 0 I Attorney.

Patented July 3, 1934 UNETED iSTl iTES PATENT;OFFICE 3 Claims.

Thisinvention relates to fuel oil burnersthat are used in heating furnaces, steam boilers, roast ing ores and for such other purposes in which crude mineral oils are used for fuel. It more particularlypertains to fuel oil burners in which the fuel oil is finely vaporized before being discharged into the furnace combustion chamber with steam or air under high pressure, whereby the steam or air vaporizes the oil and becomes so thoroughly mixed therewith that a'more complete combustion and high heat is attained.

The main object of the invention therefore, is to provide a means whereby the fuel oil will be more thoroughly vaporized and mixed with the steam or air than in burners heretofore used and thus attain the more complete combustion desired. A still further object of the improvement is to make a saving in the amount of fuel oil used by the greater heat resulting from the more complete combustion thereby attained.

I attain these and other objects by means of the device illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:-

Figure 1 is an exterior View of the invention; Fig. 2 is a lengthwise central section through the tubular chamber with the mixing apparatus shown therein; Fig. 3 is a top side view of the injector through which the fuel oil and steam are forced into and through the vaporizing chamber; Fig. 4 is a side view of one of two perforated mixing disks looking to the left from the lines 41; Fig. 5 is a similar view of one of two diagonally slotted mixing disks from the lines 5-5; and Fig. 6 is a like view of the final mixing disk from the line 66.

Similar parts are indicated by similar characters in each of the several views.

Referring to the drawing it will be seen that the improved mixing and vaporizing mechanism is housed within a tubular chamber 1 made from a section of strong iron pipe 2 with its interior smoothly milled to receive the mixing devices to be inserted therein. Into the mixing chamber thus equipped the steam and oil under high pressure are delivered through the pipes 3 and 4 respeotively to the injector 5 which is screw-threaded into the head end of the tubular chamber 1 and in central alinement therewith. Extending from the inner end of the injector 5 is a cupshaped spreader 6 designed to break and diifuse the direct current of the combined steam and oil and anteriorly adjacent to the tortuous course of travel whereby the oil will be thoroughly vaporized and mixed with the steam preparatory to entering the furnace combustion chamber. From the injector the steam and oil will pass through a thick disk '7 in the periphery of which are diagonal grooves 8 and direct holes 9 which will impart a combined whirling and direct movement to the combined vapors. They will now pass through the disk 10 perforated with straight holes 11 to another disk 7, a duplicate 'of disk '7 but with the grooves 8 reversed in direction, and from this to a fourth disk-10, a duplicate of disk 10. The steam and oil now thoroughly mixed and finely vaporized, will pass through a final perforated disk 12 from which it will be discharged through the pipe 13 designed to terminate in a burner nozzle not shown on the drawing. The construction and operation of the invention are thus concisely set forth and described.

It will be seen that the initial spreader 6 and the several perforated disks herein described, so direct the course of the oil and steam as to keep them in a constant state of agitation whereby they are most thoroughly prepared to form a perfectly vaporized fuel when sprayed through an oil burner nozzle into the furnace combustion chamber. The same result will be attained when compressed air is used instead of steam, the better if hot air is used. A high heat will be attained with a positive saving of fuel oil when compared with other fuel oil burners now in use.

The construction of the invention is clearly set forth in the drawing. The interior of the housing tube 2 is smoothly lathe milled leaving a fixed annular bearing 14 near the head end. The several mixing disks, 7, 10, '7 and 10' are fixed on a central stem 15 at suitable distances apart to allow the vapors to mix while passing from one disk to another. A movable annular separator 16 maintains a suitable space between the disk 10' and the final disk 12. The annular closing member 17, screw-threaded into the discharge end of the housing tube 2, bears against the final disk 12 which by contact, holds all the mixing disks fixed by the disk '7 being tightly seated against the annular bearing 14. Being thus tightly fixed, the disks will not be turned by the vapors being forced against the diagonal 100 grooves 8. It will be seen that the construction of the invention is simple and economical.

It is to be observed that the fuel oil is to be injected into the mixing chamber under pressure from a compression tank, the quantity being 105 governed by a control valve not shown on the drawing. Likewise the steam or compressed air are to be supplied and controlled, but each with a force that will thoroughly vaporize the oil on its injection and passage through the device. 1

It is to be further observed that I do not limit myself to the exact size and proportions shown on the drawing, but reserve the right to change and vary the same as conditions may require and that may be found to attain more efiective results.

It is also to be noted that any form of oil burner nozzle may be used, the chief purpose and object of the improvement being to thoroughly vaporize the oil for burning before it is discharged through the nozzle of the burner into the combustion chamber of the furnace.

Having described my invention, I c1aim:-

1. In a mixing device for oil burners of the class described, a tubular mixing chamber, combined means for injecting, mixing, and spreading oil and steam under pressure within said chamber, said chamber divided into a series of smaller mixing chambers, said smaller chambers separated by disks fixed on a central stem, the first of said disks having diagonal and straight forward passages therethrough, and the next separating disk having straight forward passages therein, and this alternating of disks with passages of diiferent directions continued between said smaller mixing chambers to the discharge outlet of said tubular mixing chamber.

2. In a mixing device for fuel oil burners of the class described, a tubular mixing chamber, means for injecting, mixing, and spreading oil and steam under pressure within said chamber, said tubular chamber divided into a series of smaller mixing chambers, said smaller chambers separated by means of disks fixed on a central stem, said disks having passages therein, said passages alternating in direction in one disk from the passages in the next adjacent disk, and means for securely positioning said disks between annular bearings within said tubular mixing chamber.

3. In a mixing device for fuel oil burners of the class described, a tubular mixing chamber, said tubular chamber divided into a series of smaller mixing chambers, said chambers separated by means of disks fixed on a central stem, said disks having passages therein, said passages alternating in direction in one disk from the passages in the next adjacent disk, means for securely positioning said disks between annular bearings within said tubular chamber, an injector in the head end of said tubular chamber for injecting oil and steam into said tubular chamber, and an interior cup-shaped attachment to said injector in alinement therewith and in alinement with said tubular chamber and said cup-shaped attachment designed to obstruct, mix r and diffuse said oil and steam prior to entering the said series of smaller mixing chambers within said tubular chambers.

WILLIAM A. HALLGARTH. 

